Lincoln School in Wheeling, West Virginia, was established in 1866 by Dr. Hupp and John Jackson as one of the first public schools for African American students in the United States. Initially located in a two-room house at the head of Twelfth Street, it was first run by the West Brothers from Mt. Pleasant, Ohio. The school moved to a larger building at Tenth and Chapline Streets in 1875 and was renamed Lincoln School in honor of Abraham Lincoln. After a fire in 1892, a new building was constructed in 1893 at 1000 Chapline Street. The school expanded over the years, adding a high school department in 1900 under principal James McHenry Jones, who served from 1882 to 1900. His brother, Flem B. Jones, succeeded him as principal from 1900 to 1908. Other notable principals included William Gaskins (until 1882), J. W. Hughes (1908-1914), and J. H. Rainbow (1914 onwards). In 1908, Manual Training and Domestic Science departments were added. The school achieved recognition for its academic standards and extracurricular activities, despite limited resources. In 1943, a new modern building costing $300,000 was constructed at the same Chapline Street address, designed by architect Phillip Faris. Throughout its history until desegregation in 1954, Lincoln School played a crucial role in educating African American youth in Wheeling. Notable graduates included Katherine W. Bumry, Marcellus Mason, Earl Baldwin, and Daniel Monroe, who were part of the class of 1901. Katherine W. Bumry went on to attend Oberlin College, while Marcellus Mason pursued a course in pharmacy at Columbia University. These students exemplified the school's success in preparing its graduates for higher education and professional careers, despite the challenges faced by African American students during that era.
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Photo credits: Ohio County Public Library Archives, Wheeling WV