Today in Wheeling History: October 1--Levering C. Bonar, teacher, principal, assistant superintendent, and superintendent of Ohio County Schools, was born (1896).
 
Levering Clarence Bonar dedicated 54 years to education in West Virginia. Born in 1896, he attended rural schools in Marshall County and West Liberty State Normal for high school. He earned degrees from Marshall College and the University of Pittsburgh. Bonar taught at Meighen School in Marshall County starting in 1914 and later became principal at a Beckley junior high. He was principal at Warwood High School for 12 years, assistant superintendent in Ohio County for 19 years, and superintendent of Ohio County Schools from which he retired in 1962. A World War I veteran, Bonar also served as mayor of Valley Grove. He passed away in 1978 after greatly improving Ohio County schools. Bonar is buried in West Alexander Cemetery in West Alexander, PA. (https://tinyurl.com/2dfj78dk) (https://tinyurl.com/yn9jn8ey) 

​Today in Wheeling History: September 30--Cornerstone of Pythian Castle, corner of 27th and Chapline Streets, laid with Congressman Dovener officiating (1895).
 
The cornerstone laying ceremony for the new Pythian Castle in Wheeling, West Virginia, an important event for the local Knights of Pythias, was postponed from September 29, 1895 to September 30 due to an order from the Grand Lodge. On September 30 at 3pm, the Knights gathered at the K.P. Hall on Market Street and marched with Master's band to the Castle site at 27th and Chapline Streets. The ceremony included songs, prayers, Capt. B.L. Dovener formally laying the cornerstone, an address by Hon. George Wesley Atkinson, and benediction. Once completed, the imposing Castle would serve as a splendid home for the Knights for many years. Members of Col. Bernard Shanley Division No. 21, Uniform Rank, K.P. were notified to participate in the ceremony.
 
The Pythian Castle was built between 1895-1896 at the corner of 27th and Chapline Streets on the site of a former foundry. It was designed by the Wheeling firm Hamilton & Son as a meeting hall for the Black Prince Lodge No. 19 of the Knights of Pythias fraternal order. The interior lodge hall was elaborately decorated and there was an auditorium on the second floor that housed a theater in the early 1900s. The upper floors contained additional lodge rooms.
 
In later decades, the Castle housed various businesses like bars, a laundromat, and a bingo parlor. The Towne Club tavern located inside was frequented by young people.
 
When the last member of the Black Prince Lodge died in the 1980s, the Grand Lodge sold the building. It was demolished in 1991. (https://tinyurl.com/22dxh6sk) (https://tinyurl.com/479efcue) (https://tinyurl.com/4y9dmzny) (https://tinyurl.com/34tsfj7s) 

Today in Wheeling History: September 30-- Wheeling-LaBelle Nail Company closes (2010).
 
La Belle Iron Works was opened in 1852 by Bailey, Woodward and Company in Wheeling to make cut nails. In 1859 they added capacity by acquiring Jefferson Iron Works in Steubenville. By 1875, the incorporated La Belle Iron Works and Jefferson Works employed about 900 making nails, helping Wheeling become the "Nail City." However, after a major strike in 1885-86, the cut nail business declined as wire nails dominated. By 1914, La Belle was Wheeling's only cut nail maker. In 1920, La Belle Iron Works merged with Wheeling Steel and Iron Company and Whitaker-Glessner Company to form Wheeling Steel Corporation. Through later mergers it became Wheeling-Pittsburgh Steel. As steel declined in the late 1900s, Wheeling-Pittsburgh sold the nail works, renamed Wheeling-La Belle Nail Company, which operated until 2010 when the plant closed after 150+ years. The plant was demolished in 2017. (https://tinyurl.com/2s46tsz9) (https://tinyurl.com/2s45tkwk) 

Today in Wheeling History: September 29--Rebecca Harding Davis, author, journalist, and Wheeling resident from the age of five to fourteen years old, died (1910).
 
Rebecca Harding Davis lived in Wheeling from age 5 to 14. During her formative years in Wheeling, she witnessed the city transform from an idyllic Virginia village to an industrial mill town. This influenced her pioneering work in literary realism, including her acclaimed 1861 story "Life in the Iron Mills" which depicted the grim lives of immigrant industrial workers. In March 1863, during a snowstorm, Davis married L. Clarke Davis at St. Matthew's Episcopal Church in Wheeling before moving to Philadelphia. She went on to a successful career as an author and journalist fighting for human rights and reform. One of her three children was Richard Harding Davis, who became the most famous journalist of his day. (https://tinyurl.com/3fpbaubp) (https://tinyurl.com/2x8uv7aj) 

Today in Wheeling History: September 28--Saint John the Divine Greek Orthodox Church held a mortgage burning ceremony to celebrate paying off the loan for their current church, which was constructed and dedicated only seven years before (1958).
 
Saint John the Divine Greek Orthodox Church in Wheeling was established in 1913 as the second church named for Saint John in the United States and the first Orthodox church in West Virginia. The church purchased and converted a home on Market Street in 1914. The parish grew over the decades, with a Greek school, ladies society, choir, and other activities established. A new church and Hellenic Center were constructed and dedicated in 1951. The mortgage burning ceremony was held on September 28, 1958. Since then, the church has continued to serve the spiritual needs of its parishioners and the wider community. (https://tinyurl.com/42ru4bm2) (https://tinyurl.com/4w9u2272) 

​Today in Wheeling History: September 27--William Alexander "Bill" Turner, Wheeling's first black police officer, died at his home at 114 Twelfth Street (1928).
 
William Alexander "Bill" Turner (1865-1928) was a prominent African American citizen of Wheeling, West Virginia who worked as a laborer, bartender, and barber before becoming one of Wheeling's first black police officers around 1899-1902 and again from 1919 until his death in 1928. Turner was well-known locally as a singer, baseball player and manager, Republican party activist, and member of several fraternal organizations like the Elks and Knights of Pythias. He performed heroic deeds both before and during his time on the police force, once saving a man from burning to death. When he died, Turner was honored by the Fraternal Order of Police for his 20 years of "faithful and conscientious" service on the force. (https://tinyurl.com/yrz3mpun) 

​Today in Wheeling History: September 26--Lydia Boggs Shepherd Cruger, society hostess and one of the most notable of Wheeling's early settlers, died (1867).
 
Lydia Boggs Shepherd Cruger, born in 1766 in Berkeley County, spent her childhood on the Virginia frontier, facing the dangers of Indian wars. In 1782, she married Moses Shepherd, and their business success and political influence led to great wealth. They owned Shepherd Hall (later known as Stone Mansion and now Monument Place), a stone mansion that hosted famous political figures, and played a role in routing the National Road. After Moses's death in 1832, Lydia married Daniel Cruger, a former New York congressman. In 1849, she ignited controversy by disputing Betty Zane's famous gunpowder run during the Revolutionary War, claiming it was Molly Scott. Lydia died reclusive, and Monument Place is a historic place. (https://tinyurl.com/yrfhfzkk) (https://tinyurl.com/mrxbzc24) (https://tinyurl.com/d3pxkwaf) (https://tinyurl.com/yc7zhuvz) 

​Today in Wheeling History: September 25--The "Wheeling Daily Intelligencer" reported the annual salary for the Postmaster of Wheeling was $3,600 per year (1868). When adjusted for inflation, that $3,600 salary in 1868 equates to $77,837.58 in 2023 dollars.
 
The salaries for postmasters across West Virginia in 1868 ranged from a low of just $24 per year in Volcano up to $3,600 per year in Wheeling, with the average salary around $300 annually. Adjusting for inflation, the lowest salary equates to just $518 in 2023 dollars, while the high of $3,600 is equal to $77,837 today. The $300 average salary in 1868 has the same buying power as $6,486 in current dollars. Overall, the 1868 postmaster salaries ranged from very modest to moderately generous by modern standards when translated into 2023 dollars. The postmaster pay scale reflects the lower cost of living and economic conditions of the mid-19th century. (https://tinyurl.com/5cb6bthy) 

Today in Wheeling History: September 27--Riverboat "Lizzie Townsend" left the Wheeling Wharf and made a trial trip (1882).
 
On September 27, 1882, the new riverboat "Lizzie Townsend" made its trial run from Wheeling to Bridgeport, carrying railroad officials and their wives from Cleveland. The 130-foot boat was built to transfer freight across the river for the railroad. For the excursion trip, the boat was decorated and a nice supper served onboard. During the 5-hour round trip cruise, the officials inspected the boat and machinery and enjoyed the scenery. At the end, a flag was presented as a gift from the wife of the railroad's president, for whom the boat was named. The inaugural trip and gift presentation were considered a great success.
 
The riverboat "Lizzie Townsend" was constructed in 1882 under the direction of William Dillon. She served as a transfer vessel for the Cleveland, Lorain and Wheeling Railroad, later part of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, moving freight cars across the river in Wheeling. After over 20 years in service, the Lizzie Townsend was destroyed in a fire on a back channel of the river on January 23, 1904. (https://tinyurl.com/2kawhvzy) (https://tinyurl.com/4ksfxwxv) 

​Today in Wheeling History: September 24--William L. Hearn, a leading Wheeling industrialist and philanthropist instrumental in developing major industries like Riverside Iron Works and building the Hearn Tabernacle Church, was born in Delaware (1818).
 
William Lowder Hearn, born September 24, 1818, in Delaware, was a leading industrialist in Wheeling, West Virginia, where he moved after the Civil War. He developed major industries like Riverside Iron Works and built the nondenominational Hearn Tabernacle Church. Hearn served in the West Virginia House of Delegates and held leadership roles in several companies. When Hearn died on February 13, 1895, at age 76, his passing was deeply mourned across Wheeling's business and social circles. (https://tinyurl.com/u3a2crhr) (https://tinyurl.com/4j4eym7d)